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Candida
Yeast that inhabits the mouth, gut and vagina.It causes a condition called Îthrushâ
Catheter
A flexible thin tube inserted through a small opening. To inject or remove
fluids (e.g. to remove urine from the bladder). In IVF, it is used to inject
embryos into the uterus.
Cervical smear
A procedure performed to take a sample of cells from the cervix. It is a
screening test for cervical cancer. It is done every three years in women who
are sexually active.
Cervix
The lower portion of uterus which projects into the vagina.It is generally
referred as the Îneck of wombâ. It is the entry to the cavity of womb. It dilates during labour.
Cetrotide
A brand name for a LH RH antagonist
Chlamydia
Term generally used to describe a sexually transmitted infection caused by
Chlamydia trachomatis.It causes pelvic inflammatory disease in women and
urethral infection in men. There are other chlamydia organisms such as psittaci
and pneumoniae that cause psittacosis and pneumonia respectively.
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Chocolate cyst
An ovarian cyst filled with old un-clotted blood which appears like chocolate
material. It occurs in endometriosis.
Clinical pregnancy
A pregnancy confirmed by the presence of fetal heart on ultrasound scan. It is
usually seen around 6-7 weeks of pregnancy.
Clomid
Fertility tablets given to mature eggs. It is given to women who do not ovulate
and also used in unexplained infertility.
Clone
An organism or animal produced from a single cell of its parent and genetically
identical to it.
Coil
An intrauterine device used as a contraceptive.
Colposcopy
A procedure used to examine the cervix through a long range microscope .It is
done when abnormal cells are found on a routine smear test.
Conception
The fertilisation of an egg with a sperm that leads to creation of an embryo. It
is the beginning of a pregnancy.
Condom
A sheath of latex rubber fitted over penis during sexual intercourse. It
protects against sexually transmitted diseases.
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Cone biopsy
Surgical removal of a cone-shaped segment of cervix. It is performed when CIN
abnormality is found. The tissue is examined under microscope to confirm
diagnosis
Congenital
A defect present at birth. It may be hereditary or acquired during pregnancy.
Corpus luteum
A cystic structure in ovary which is formed after the egg has been released from
the follicle. It produces progesterone hormone necessary for implantation of
embryo.
Cryopreservation
Freezing of tissue is described as cryopreservation. In fertility care, eggs,
sperm and embryos are frozen. Ovarian and testicular tissue are frozen to
preserve fertility in those who have been diagnosed with cancer requiring chemo
or radiotherapy.
Cyclogest
Progesterone hormone pessary given to help implantation in fertility treatment.
Cyst
A fluid filled space.
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Cystic Fibrosis
A hereditary condition that affects the cells of mucus secreting glands. It is
associated with congenital bilateral absence of vas deferens (CBAVD), which
leads to male infertility. In men with suspected CBAVD, a blood test is
required to test for cystic fibrosis genetic mutations. If men test positive,
their partners need to be tested to assess the risk to the off-spring and offer
counselling.
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